Androgeos.cz

In physiological conditions, the very first defence mechanism is the flow of urine itself, which is 100% sterile in the upper urinary tract. The urine continuously washes the structures through which it flows and sweeps the bacteria along. Changes in the flow caused by constriction of the urethra lead to active suction of bacteria from the external orifice of the urethra (the most common origin of infection in women). Another typical cause of the infection is residual urine (decompensation of the bladder detrusor), when the bacteria that were clinically totally insignificant until the formation of the residual urine are multiplied. Normal composition of the vaginal flora with prevailing Lactobacillus acidophillus and low vaginal pH also represents an important barrier to the infection. The urinary bladder has an effective antimicrobial defence mechanism in its mucosa, and the urine itself contains blockers of infections - urea, ammonia and salts; its antibacterial properties are also influenced by low pH.